List of state leaders in 38

AD 37 state leaders – Events of AD 38 – AD 39 state leaders – State leaders by year

Africa

• Kush – Pisakar, King of Kush (c.30–40)
• Mauretania – Ptolemy, King of Mauretania (23–40)

Asia

• China – Guangwu, Emperor of China (25–57)
• Japan (Legendary Emperors) – Suinin, Emperor of Japan (29 BC–AD 70)
• Korea (Three Kingdoms Period)
  • Baekje – Daru, King of Baekje (28–77)
  • Goguryeo – Daemusin, King of Goguryeo (18–44)
  • Silla – Yuri, King of Silla (24–57)
• Kushan Empire – Kujula Kadphises, King of Kush (30–80)

Europe

• Athens
  • Polycritus, Archon of Athens (37–38)
  • Zenon, Archon of Athens (38–39)
• Atrebates – Verica, King of the Atrebates (15–40)
• Bosporan Kingdom
  • Tiberius Julius Aspurgus, Roman client King of Bosporus (8 BC–38 AD)
  • Tiberius Julius Mithridates, Roman client King of Bosporus (38–46)
• Cantiaci – Adminius, King of the Cantiaci (30–40)
• Catuvellauni – Cunobelinus, King of the Britons and King of the Catuvellauni (9–40)
• Caucasian Iberia – Mithridates, King of Caucasian Iberia (30–50)
• Ireland – Fíatach Finn, High King of Ireland (36–39)
• Odrysian kingdom
  • Rhoemetalces II, Odrysian King of Thrace (18–38)
  • Antonia Tryphaena, Odrysian Queen of Thrace (18–38)
  • Rhoemetalces III, Odrysian King of Thrace (38–46)
  • Pythodoris II, Odrysian Queen of Thrace (38–46)
• Roman Empire (Principate – Julio-Claudian dynasty)
  • Caligula, Roman Emperor (37–41)
  • Marcus Aquila Iulianus, Consul (38)
  • Publis Nonius Asprenas, Consul (38)
  • Servius Asinius Celer, Consul suffectus (38)
  • Sextus Nonius Quintilianus, Consul suffectus (38)
  • Naevius Sutorius Macro, Praetorian prefect (31–38)
  • Marcus Arrecinus Clemens, Praetorian prefect (38–41)
  • Lucius Arruntius Stella, Praetorian prefect (38–41)
  • Ægyptus Province – Aulus Avilius Flaccus, Roman Prefect (32–38)
  • Judea (Iudaea Province)
    • Marullus, Roman Prefect (37–41)
    • Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee (4 BC–39 AD)
    • Agrippa I, Tetrarch of Batanaea (37–41)
    • Gamaliel, Nasi of the Sanhedrin (30–50)
    • Theophilus ben Ananus, High Priest of Judea (37–41)
  • Syria Province – Lucius Vitellius, Roman Prefect (35–39)
• Ulaid – Fíatach Finn, King of the Ulaid (?–39)

Middle East

• Adiabene
  • Helena, Queen of Adiabene (30–58)
  • Izates bar Monobaz, King of Adiabene (34–55)
• Armenia – Orodes, King of Armenia (Parthian protectorate) (35, 37–42)
• Characene – Attambalos III, King of Characene (37–45)
• Commagene
  • Interregnum – Roman rule (17–38)
  • Antiochus IV, King of Commagene (38, 41–72)
  • Interregnum – Roman rule (38–41)
• Nabatea – Aretas IV Philopatris, King of Nabatea (9 BC–40 AD)
• Osroene – Abgar V of Edessa, King of Osroene (4 BC–7 AD, 13–50)
• Parthian Empire
  • Artabanus II, Great King (Shah) of Parthia (10–35, 36–38)
  • Interregnum (38–40)
• Pontus
  • Pythodorida, King of Pontus (8 BC–38 AD)
  • Polemon II, King of Pontus (38–64)